Industrial Hygiene Fundamentals
63 flashcards covering Industrial Hygiene Fundamentals for the OSHA OSHA 10/30 General Industry section.
Industrial hygiene fundamentals focus on identifying, evaluating, and controlling workplace hazards that can harm workers' health, such as chemical exposures, noise, and poor ventilation. This topic is defined by OSHA regulations in the Occupational Safety and Health Act, specifically under 29 CFR 1910 for general industry, as part of the OSHA 10/30 curriculum for construction and general industry training.
On OSHA 10/30 practice exams, questions typically appear as multiple-choice scenarios asking about hazard recognition, exposure limits, or control strategies, like selecting the right engineering controls for dust. A common trap is overlooking indirect hazards, such as secondary exposure routes, which can lead to incorrect answers if workers don't consider the full context of a workplace scenario.
Remember to document all hazard assessments thoroughly to avoid compliance gaps in real-world applications.
Terms (63)
- 01
What is a confined space under OSHA regulations?
A confined space is a space that is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work; has limited or restricted means for entry or exit; and is not designed for continuous employee occupancy. (29 CFR 1910.146(b))
- 02
Under 29 CFR 1910.1200, what must employers provide to employees regarding hazardous chemicals?
Employers must provide employees with information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area at the time of their initial assignment and whenever a new hazard is introduced. (29 CFR 1910.1200(h))
- 03
How often must hearing conservation programs be implemented for employees exposed to noise?
Hearing conservation programs must be implemented for all employees exposed to an 8-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels or greater. (29 CFR 1910.95(c))
- 04
What is the purpose of a Safety Data Sheet in hazard communication?
A Safety Data Sheet provides detailed information on the chemical's identity, hazards, safe handling, and emergency measures. (29 CFR 1910.1200(g))
- 05
What steps must be taken before entering a permit-required confined space?
The employer must ensure that the space has been tested for atmospheric hazards, and a permit must be issued specifying the hazards and precautions. (29 CFR 1910.146(d))
- 06
Under 29 CFR 1910.147, what is required to control hazardous energy?
Energy sources must be isolated and locked or tagged out to prevent unexpected energization during servicing and maintenance. (29 CFR 1910.147(a))
- 07
What is an action level in the context of occupational exposure?
An action level is a concentration of a toxic substance in the workplace that requires additional monitoring or protective measures. (29 CFR 1910.95 and other relevant standards)
- 08
A worker notices a chemical spill in the workplace; what should they do first?
The worker should immediately notify their supervisor and evacuate the area if necessary to avoid exposure. (29 CFR 1910.1200 and general OSHA guidelines)
- 09
How must hazardous chemicals be labeled according to OSHA?
Containers of hazardous chemicals must be labeled with the product identifier, signal word, hazard statement, and precautionary statement. (29 CFR 1910.1200(f))
- 10
What is required for respiratory protection in environments with airborne contaminants?
Employers must provide a respiratory protection program including training, fit testing, and medical evaluations. (29 CFR 1910.134)
- 11
Under 29 CFR 1910.95, what must employers do if noise exposure exceeds permissible limits?
Employers must implement feasible administrative or engineering controls to reduce exposure and provide hearing protectors. (29 CFR 1910.95(b))
- 12
In a scenario involving potential electrical hazards, what safety standard applies?
NFPA 70E provides requirements for safe work practices to protect against electrical hazards in the workplace. (NFPA 70E)
- 13
What is the definition of a hazardous chemical under OSHA?
A hazardous chemical is any chemical which is a physical hazard or a health hazard, as defined by OSHA criteria. (29 CFR 1910.1200(c))
- 14
Before performing maintenance on machinery, what procedure must be followed?
The lockout/tagout procedure must be applied to control hazardous energy and prevent accidental startup. (29 CFR 1910.147)
- 15
What is the minimum requirement for employee training on bloodborne pathogens?
Training must be provided at the time of initial assignment and annually thereafter for employees with occupational exposure. (29 CFR 1910.1030(g))
- 16
A employee is assigned to a noisy area; what hearing protection is mandatory?
Hearing protectors must be provided and used by employees exposed to noise at or above the action level. (29 CFR 1910.95(i))
- 17
Under 29 CFR 1910.146, who must authorize entry into a confined space?
Entry into a permit-required confined space must be authorized by the entry supervisor on the permit. (29 CFR 1910.146)
- 18
What must be included in a written hazard communication program?
The program must describe how hazards will be evaluated, labeled, and how employees will be informed and trained. (29 CFR 1910.1200(e))
- 19
What is the first response when a confined space emergency occurs?
Immediately evacuate the space and initiate rescue procedures using trained personnel and equipment. (29 CFR 1910.146)
- 20
How often must lockout/tagout devices be inspected?
Lockout/tagout procedures must be inspected at least annually to ensure compliance. (29 CFR 1910.147(c)(6))
- 21
What defines occupational noise exposure under OSHA?
Occupational noise exposure is the exposure to sound levels that can cause hearing loss over time. (29 CFR 1910.95)
- 22
In a chemical exposure scenario, what information source should a worker consult?
The worker should consult the Safety Data Sheet for the chemical to understand hazards and first aid measures. (29 CFR 1910.1200)
- 23
What procedure ensures safe isolation of energy sources?
The lockout/tagout procedure involves shutting down, isolating, locking, and verifying energy sources. (29 CFR 1910.147)
- 24
Under 29 CFR 1910.1200, what elements are required on a chemical label?
Labels must include a signal word, pictogram, hazard statement, precautionary statement, and product identifier. (29 CFR 1910.1200(f))
- 25
What is a permit-required confined space?
A permit-required confined space is a confined space that has one or more recognized hazards. (29 CFR 1910.146(b))
- 26
How must employees be trained on hazardous energy control?
Employees must be trained on the recognition of hazardous energy sources and the purpose and use of the energy control procedure. (29 CFR 1910.147(c)(7))
- 27
A worker experiences symptoms of noise-induced hearing loss; what action is needed?
The worker should be referred for audiometric testing and the employer must implement hearing conservation measures. (29 CFR 1910.95)
- 28
What is required for personal protective equipment in general industry?
Employers must assess the workplace for hazards and provide, maintain, and ensure proper use of PPE. (29 CFR 1910 Subpart I)
- 29
Under OSHA standards, what must be done with exposure monitoring records?
Exposure monitoring records must be maintained and made available to employees. (Various 29 CFR 1910 standards)
- 30
What steps are involved in hazard communication for new chemicals?
Employers must evaluate the hazards, update labels and SDS, and train employees on the new hazards. (29 CFR 1910.1200)
- 31
What is the role of an attendant in confined space entry?
The attendant monitors the entrants and the space, and initiates rescue if needed. (29 CFR 1910.146)
- 32
In a bloodborne pathogen exposure incident, what follow-up is required?
Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up, including testing and counseling, must be provided. (29 CFR 1910.1030(f))
- 33
How often must respiratory protection equipment be inspected?
Respiratory equipment must be inspected before each use and during cleaning. (29 CFR 1910.134)
- 34
What defines a health hazard in the workplace?
A health hazard is a chemical for which there is statistically significant evidence that acute or chronic effects may occur. (29 CFR 1910.1200)
- 35
Before using PPE, what must the employer ensure?
The employer must ensure that PPE is provided, fits properly, and that employees are trained in its use. (29 CFR 1910 Subpart I)
- 36
A confined space has detected hazards; what must happen next?
The space must be ventilated or other measures taken to eliminate the hazards before entry. (29 CFR 1910.146)
- 37
Under 29 CFR 1910.95, what monitoring is required for noise?
Monitoring must be conducted to determine employee exposure to noise. (29 CFR 1910.95(d))
- 38
What is a tagout device in energy control?
A tagout device is a prominent warning device that indicates that the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled may not be operated. (29 CFR 1910.147(b))
- 39
What training is needed for workers handling hazardous chemicals?
Training on the hazards of the chemicals and protective measures must be provided. (29 CFR 1910.1200(h))
- 40
In an electrical safety scenario, what standard governs arc flash hazards?
NFPA 70E governs the requirements for work involving electrical hazards, including arc flash. (NFPA 70E)
- 41
What must be included in a confined space entry permit?
The permit must include the location, hazards, isolation measures, and names of entrants and attendants. (29 CFR 1910.146)
- 42
How is employee exposure to airborne contaminants assessed?
Through air monitoring and sampling as required by relevant standards. (29 CFR 1910)
- 43
What is the primary goal of industrial hygiene in OSHA context?
To anticipate, recognize, evaluate, and control workplace conditions that may cause workers' injury or illness. (OSHA Outreach Training Program)
- 44
Under hazard communication, what must SDS be accessible for?
SDS must be readily accessible to employees in their work area for all hazardous chemicals. (29 CFR 1910.1200(g))
- 45
What procedure protects against unexpected machine startup?
The lockout/tagout procedure must be used to prevent accidental energization. (29 CFR 1910.147)
- 46
A worker is exposed to excessive noise; what conservation program applies?
A hearing conservation program including monitoring, audiometric testing, and education. (29 CFR 1910.95(c))
- 47
What defines a physical hazard under OSHA?
A physical hazard is a chemical that is combustible, explosive, flammable, etc., as defined in the standard. (29 CFR 1910.1200)
- 48
Before confined space entry, what atmospheric testing is needed?
Testing for oxygen, flammable gases, and toxic substances must be conducted. (29 CFR 1910.146)
- 49
Under 29 CFR 1910.134, what fits a respirator program?
A program that includes medical evaluation, fit testing, and training for respirator users. (29 CFR 1910.134)
- 50
What is required when a new hazard is identified in the workplace?
The employer must inform and train employees on the new hazard and update the hazard communication program. (29 CFR 1910.1200)
- 51
In a lockout/tagout scenario, who can remove a lock?
Only the authorized employee who applied the lock can remove it, except under specific conditions. (29 CFR 1910.147)
- 52
What monitoring is essential for occupational health hazards?
Regular monitoring of employee exposure to identify and control hazards. (29 CFR 1910)
- 53
What personal protection is mandatory for bloodborne pathogen risks?
Universal precautions must be observed, including the use of barriers like gloves. (29 CFR 1910.1030)
- 54
How must noise exposure be reduced if controls are not feasible?
Through the use of hearing protectors and administrative controls. (29 CFR 1910.95)
- 55
What is the key element of a hazard assessment?
Identifying potential hazards in the workplace and determining necessary controls. (OSHA Outreach Training Program)
- 56
Under confined space rules, what role does ventilation play?
Ventilation is used to control atmospheric hazards in the space. (29 CFR 1910.146)
- 57
What training must cover for hazardous energy?
Training on the types and magnitudes of energy and the means to control it. (29 CFR 1910.147)
- 58
In a chemical handling scenario, what must workers know?
Workers must know the location and content of the written hazard communication program. (29 CFR 1910.1200)
- 59
What is the outcome of effective industrial hygiene?
Reduction of workplace hazards to protect employee health and safety. (OSHA Outreach Training Program)
- 60
How are SDS updated for workplace chemicals?
SDS must be updated within three months of new information about hazards. (29 CFR 1910.1200)
- 61
What must be verified after lockout/tagout application?
That the equipment is isolated from energy sources and cannot be operated. (29 CFR 1910.147)
- 62
Under noise standards, what testing is required for employees?
Audiometric testing for employees exposed at or above the action level. (29 CFR 1910.95)
- 63
What protective measure is first for respiratory hazards?
Engineering controls to eliminate or reduce the hazard at the source. (29 CFR 1910.134)