Health Hazards in Construction
62 flashcards covering Health Hazards in Construction for the OSHA OSHA 10/30 Construction section.
Health hazards in construction encompass risks from exposure to chemicals, dust, fumes, noise, and biological agents that can lead to illnesses like respiratory diseases or hearing loss. These are defined by OSHA regulations in 29 CFR 1926, as outlined in the OSHA Outreach Training for Construction and General Industry, which is a core component of the OSHA 10/30 Construction curriculum.
On practice exams for OSHA 10/30, this topic typically features multiple-choice questions on hazard identification, proper controls like ventilation or PPE, and real-world scenarios. Common traps include overlooking cumulative effects of long-term exposure or confusing similar hazards, such as mistaking silica dust for general dust without considering specific health risks.
Always monitor air quality regularly on site to catch hazards early.
Terms (62)
- 01
What is a health hazard as defined in OSHA standards?
A health hazard is a chemical or substance that is classified as posing a risk of acute or chronic health effects, such as carcinogens or irritants (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 02
Under 29 CFR 1910.1200, what must labels on hazardous chemicals include?
Labels must include the product identifier, signal word, hazard statement, precautionary statement, and pictogram (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 03
How often must employees be trained on hazardous chemicals in their work area?
Employees must be trained at the time of their initial assignment and whenever a new hazard is introduced (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 04
What is the purpose of a Safety Data Sheet under OSHA regulations?
A Safety Data Sheet provides detailed information on the hazards of a chemical and safe handling procedures (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 05
In construction, what is required when a worker is exposed to bloodborne pathogens?
The employer must implement an exposure control plan including universal precautions and provide training (29 CFR 1910.1030).
- 06
What is a permit-required confined space in construction?
A permit-required confined space is a confined space that has a hazardous atmosphere or other recognized serious safety or health hazards (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 07
Before entering a permit-required confined space, what must be done?
A permit must be issued after testing and monitoring the atmosphere and ensuring all hazards are controlled (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 08
What is the action level for occupational noise exposure?
The action level is an 8-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels (29 CFR 1910.95).
- 09
Under 29 CFR 1910.95, what is required if noise exposure exceeds the permissible limit?
Feasible administrative or engineering controls must be implemented to reduce exposure, and hearing protection must be provided (29 CFR 1910.95).
- 10
What must employers do to control hazardous energy during maintenance?
Employers must establish a lockout/tagout program to prevent unexpected energization of machines (29 CFR 1910.147).
- 11
A worker in construction is exposed to excessive noise; what should the employer provide?
The employer must provide hearing protection and monitor exposure levels (29 CFR 1910.95).
- 12
What is universal precautions in the context of bloodborne pathogens?
Universal precautions is an approach to treat all human blood and certain body fluids as if known to be infectious for HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens (29 CFR 1910.1030).
- 13
How must hazardous waste be handled in construction sites?
Hazardous waste must be managed according to the requirements for hazardous substances, including proper labeling and storage (29 CFR 1926, subpart D).
- 14
Under 29 CFR 1910.1200, what information must be in a written hazard communication program?
The program must describe how hazards are evaluated, how SDS are maintained, and how employees are informed (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 15
What is the first step when a chemical exposure occurs on site?
The exposed employee must be removed from the area and provided with appropriate medical evaluation and follow-up (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 16
A construction worker has a needlestick injury; what immediate action is required?
The injury must be reported, and the employee must receive post-exposure evaluation and follow-up (29 CFR 1910.1030).
- 17
What training is required for employees working with hazardous chemicals?
Training must cover the hazards of chemicals, how to detect releases, and measures to protect against them (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 18
In confined spaces, what atmospheric hazards must be tested for?
Oxygen deficiency, flammable gases, and toxic substances must be tested (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 19
What is the permissible exposure limit for certain airborne contaminants?
It varies by substance, but must not exceed the limits specified in the tables of 29 CFR 1910.1000 (29 CFR 1910.1000).
- 20
Under 29 CFR 1926, what respiratory protection is needed for silica exposure?
Respiratory protection must be provided when engineering controls cannot keep exposure below the permissible limit (29 CFR 1926.1153).
- 21
What procedure must be followed for energy isolation in construction?
A lockout/tagout procedure must be used to control hazardous energy sources (29 CFR 1910.147).
- 22
A worker shows signs of heat stress; what response is appropriate?
The worker must be moved to a cooler area, given fluids, and medical attention sought if needed, as per general OSHA guidelines (OSHA Outreach Training Program Requirements).
- 23
What is required in a confined space entry permit?
The permit must include the location, hazards, isolation measures, and names of attendants and entrants (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 24
How often must lockout/tagout devices be inspected?
At least annually to ensure the procedure is being followed (29 CFR 1910.147).
- 25
What personal protective equipment is needed for handling hazardous chemicals?
Appropriate PPE such as gloves, goggles, and respirators based on the chemical's hazards (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 26
In a scenario where a chemical leak occurs, what must the supervisor do first?
Evacuate the area and initiate emergency procedures as outlined in the hazard communication program (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 27
What is an exposure control plan for bloodborne pathogens?
A written plan to eliminate or minimize employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens (29 CFR 1910.1030).
- 28
Under 29 CFR 1910.146, who can serve as an attendant for confined spaces?
A trained individual who monitors the entrants and the space (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 29
What must be done if air monitoring in a confined space shows hazards?
Entry must be prohibited until hazards are eliminated or controlled (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 30
A construction site has lead exposure; what controls are required?
Engineering controls, work practices, and respiratory protection to keep exposure below limits (29 CFR 1926.62).
- 31
What is the role of engineering controls in reducing health hazards?
Engineering controls are the primary means to control exposures to airborne contaminants (29 CFR 1926, subpart D).
- 32
How must hazardous materials be stored on construction sites?
In a manner that prevents accidental release and exposure, such as in labeled containers (29 CFR 1926.152).
- 33
In a bloodborne pathogen exposure incident, what follow-up is required?
Post-exposure evaluation and medical follow-up must be offered at no cost to the employee (29 CFR 1910.1030).
- 34
What is required for electrical safety in areas with health hazards?
Safe work practices and personal protective equipment as per electrical safety standards (NFPA 70E).
- 35
Under 29 CFR 1910.1200, what categories of hazards are covered?
Physical hazards and health hazards, including acute and chronic effects (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 36
What procedure is used to identify hazards in the workplace?
A hazard assessment to determine the presence of chemical, physical, and biological hazards (OSHA Outreach Training Program Requirements).
- 37
A worker is assigned to a noisy environment; what must be provided?
Hearing conservation program including monitoring and protection (29 CFR 1910.95).
- 38
What is the minimum content of hazard communication training?
It must include the details of the hazards and protective measures (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 39
In construction, what must be done to prevent silica dust exposure?
Use of water or ventilation to control dust and provide respirators if needed (29 CFR 1926.1153).
- 40
What is lockout/tagout in the context of health hazards?
A method to protect employees from hazardous energy release during servicing (29 CFR 1910.147).
- 41
If a confined space has a hazardous atmosphere, what must precede entry?
Ventilation and atmospheric testing to ensure safe conditions (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 42
Under 29 CFR 1926, what health hazards are associated with asbestos?
Asbestos exposure requires specific controls and monitoring (29 CFR 1926.1101).
- 43
What response is needed for an employee showing signs of chemical irritation?
Remove from exposure and provide medical attention (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 44
What is the key element of a respiratory protection program?
Medical evaluation, fit testing, and training for users (29 CFR 1910.134).
- 45
How often must confined space permits be reviewed?
The permit must be kept for at least one year after entry (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 46
In a scenario with potential arc flash hazards, what protection is required?
Personal protective equipment and safe work distances as per standards (NFPA 70E).
- 47
What must be included in employee training for confined spaces?
Recognition of hazards, use of equipment, and emergency procedures (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 48
What is the primary way to reduce exposure to hazardous substances?
Through engineering controls and work practices (29 CFR 1926, subpart D).
- 49
A worker is exposed to lead; what monitoring is required?
Biological monitoring and medical surveillance as specified (29 CFR 1926.62).
- 50
Under 29 CFR 1910.1030, what vaccination must be offered?
Hepatitis B vaccination to employees with occupational exposure (29 CFR 1910.1030).
- 51
What steps are involved in hazard assessment for construction?
Identify potential hazards and evaluate risks in the work environment (OSHA Outreach Training Program Requirements).
- 52
What is required when handling carcinogens in construction?
Strict controls and monitoring to minimize exposure (29 CFR 1926, subpart Z).
- 53
In a noisy construction site, what hearing protection must be used?
Protection that reduces exposure to within permissible limits (29 CFR 1910.95).
- 54
What is the employer's responsibility for SDS in construction?
Maintain and make available SDS for each hazardous chemical (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 55
If an employee refuses a hazardous task, what protection do they have?
The right to a safe workplace, and refusal without retaliation if a hazard exists (OSHA Outreach Training Program Requirements).
- 56
What procedure must follow a bloodborne pathogen exposure?
Document the incident and provide counseling (29 CFR 1910.1030).
- 57
Under 29 CFR 1926.55, what gases have exposure limits?
Various gases and vapors have specified limits in the tables (29 CFR 1926.55).
- 58
What must be done to ensure safe use of chemicals in construction?
Follow the instructions on the label and SDS (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 59
A confined space entry goes wrong; what emergency procedures apply?
Rescue procedures must be in place and practiced (29 CFR 1910.146).
- 60
What is the focus of OSHA's hazard communication standard?
To ensure that the hazards of all chemicals are evaluated and that information is transmitted (29 CFR 1910.1200).
- 61
In construction, how are health hazards from vibrations addressed?
Through engineering controls and limiting exposure time (29 CFR 1926, subpart D).
- 62
What training is needed for lockout/tagout procedures?
Employees must be trained on the purpose and function of the energy control program (29 CFR 1910.147).