Gen Chem I Electron Configuration
34 flashcards covering Gen Chem I Electron Configuration for the GENERAL-CHEMISTRY-1 Gen Chem I Topics section.
Electron configuration describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom's orbitals, following principles such as the Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund's Rule. This topic is a key component of the General Chemistry I curriculum, as outlined by the American Chemical Society (ACS). Understanding electron configuration is essential for predicting chemical behavior, bonding, and the properties of elements.
On practice exams and competency assessments, questions about electron configuration often require you to identify the correct configuration for a given element or to determine the electron configuration based on an element's position in the periodic table. Common traps include confusing the order of orbital filling and neglecting to account for exceptions in transition metals. A frequent oversight is failing to recognize how electron configuration influences an element's reactivity and bonding capabilities, which can be crucial in both academic and applied chemistry settings.
Terms (34)
- 01
What is the electron configuration for oxygen?
The electron configuration for oxygen is 1s² 2s² 2p⁴, indicating it has 8 electrons with 6 in the outer shell (Zumdahl, Chapter 7).
- 02
How many unpaired electrons are in a nitrogen atom?
A nitrogen atom has 3 unpaired electrons in its 2p subshell, resulting in a total electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p³ (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 03
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 3d subshell?
The maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 3d subshell is 10, as each of the five d orbitals can hold 2 electrons (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 04
What is the electron configuration for chlorine?
The electron configuration for chlorine is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵, reflecting a total of 17 electrons (Zumdahl, Chapter 7).
- 05
How many total electrons does a neutral atom of carbon have?
A neutral atom of carbon has 6 total electrons, with the electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p² (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 06
What is the electron configuration for a sodium ion (Na+)?
The electron configuration for a sodium ion (Na+) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶, as it loses one electron from its neutral state (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 07
Which of the following elements has the electron configuration ending in 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁵?
The element with the electron configuration ending in 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁵ is bromine (Br), which has a total of 35 electrons (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 08
What is the significance of the Aufbau principle in electron configuration?
The Aufbau principle states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first when filling electron configurations (Zumdahl, Chapter 7).
- 09
How does the Pauli exclusion principle apply to electron configurations?
The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers, which affects how electrons are arranged in orbitals (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 10
What is the electron configuration for a magnesium ion (Mg²+)?
The electron configuration for a magnesium ion (Mg²+) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶, as it loses two electrons from its neutral state (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 11
What is the electron configuration of a ground state atom of iron?
The electron configuration for a ground state atom of iron is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁶ (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 12
How many total electrons does a neutral atom of argon have?
A neutral atom of argon has 18 total electrons, with the electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 13
What is the electron configuration for an atom of selenium?
The electron configuration for selenium is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁴, indicating it has 34 electrons (Zumdahl, Chapter 7).
- 14
Which rule helps determine the maximum number of unpaired electrons in an atom?
Hund's rule helps determine the maximum number of unpaired electrons by stating that electrons will occupy degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 15
What is the electron configuration for a potassium ion (K+)?
The electron configuration for a potassium ion (K+) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶, as it loses one electron from its neutral state (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 16
How many electrons are in the outermost shell of a fluorine atom?
A fluorine atom has 7 electrons in its outermost shell, with the electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁵ (Zumdahl, Chapter 7).
- 17
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of barium?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of barium is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s², totaling 56 electrons (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 18
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of copper?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of copper is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰, which reflects its unique electron arrangement (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 19
What is the ground state electron configuration for a sulfur atom?
The ground state electron configuration for sulfur is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴, indicating it has 16 electrons (Zumdahl, Chapter 7).
- 20
How many total electrons does a neutral atom of zinc have?
A neutral atom of zinc has 30 total electrons, with the electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 21
What is the electron configuration for the element with atomic number 12?
The electron configuration for the element with atomic number 12 (magnesium) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 22
Which subshell is filled after the 4s subshell?
The 3d subshell is filled after the 4s subshell, following the Aufbau principle (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 23
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of silver?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of silver is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d¹⁰ (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 24
How many electrons can the p subshell hold?
The p subshell can hold a maximum of 6 electrons, as it consists of three orbitals (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 25
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of xenon?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of xenon is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶, totaling 54 electrons (Zumdahl, Chapter 7).
- 26
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of lead?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of lead is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p² (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 27
How does the electron configuration of an atom relate to its chemical properties?
The electron configuration of an atom determines its valence electrons, which influence its chemical reactivity and bonding behavior (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 28
What is the electron configuration of a neutral atom of lithium?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of lithium is 1s² 2s¹, indicating it has 3 electrons (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 29
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of bismuth?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of bismuth is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p³ (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 30
How many total electrons does a neutral atom of selenium have?
A neutral atom of selenium has 34 total electrons, with the electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁴ (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 31
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of tin?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of tin is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p² (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 32
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of phosphorus?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of phosphorus is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³, indicating it has 15 electrons (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).
- 33
How many unpaired electrons does a neutral atom of chromium have?
A neutral atom of chromium has 6 unpaired electrons, with an electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁵ (Tro, Chapter 7).
- 34
What is the electron configuration for a neutral atom of vanadium?
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of vanadium is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d³, indicating it has 23 electrons (Brown LeMay, Chapter 7).