AP World Unit 7 Interwar Period and Great Depression
38 flashcards covering AP World Unit 7 Interwar Period and Great Depression for the AP-WORLD-HISTORY-MODERN Unit 7 section.
The Interwar Period and the Great Depression are critical components of AP World History: Modern, specifically outlined in the College Board curriculum. This period, spanning from the end of World War I to the onset of World War II, examines the political, economic, and social upheavals that shaped the 20th century. Key events include the rise of totalitarian regimes, the impact of economic instability, and the responses of various nations to these crises.
On practice exams, questions related to this topic often focus on cause-and-effect relationships, comparisons between different countries' responses, and the long-term consequences of the Great Depression. A common pitfall is overlooking the interconnectedness of global events during this time; students might isolate the Great Depression as a purely American phenomenon without recognizing its worldwide implications. To avoid this, always consider how events in one region influenced developments in another, as this holistic approach is crucial for success in assessments.
Terms (38)
- 01
What economic event characterized the global economy in the late 1920s?
The Great Depression, which began with the stock market crash of 1929, led to widespread economic hardship and unemployment across the world (College Board AP CED).
- 02
Which treaty imposed harsh reparations on Germany after World War I?
The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, imposed significant reparations and territorial losses on Germany, contributing to economic instability (College Board AP CED).
- 03
What political ideology gained popularity in Europe during the interwar period?
Fascism emerged as a significant political ideology during the interwar period, characterized by authoritarianism and nationalism, particularly in Italy and Germany (College Board AP CED).
- 04
How did the Great Depression influence the rise of totalitarian regimes?
The economic instability and social unrest caused by the Great Depression facilitated the rise of totalitarian regimes, as people sought strong leadership and solutions to their problems (College Board AP CED).
- 05
What was the primary cause of the Dust Bowl in the United States?
The Dust Bowl was primarily caused by a combination of severe drought and poor agricultural practices that led to soil erosion in the Great Plains during the 1930s (College Board AP CED).
- 06
What was the New Deal?
The New Deal was a series of programs and policies implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression, aimed at economic recovery and social reform (College Board AP CED).
- 07
Which event is often considered the start of the Great Depression?
The stock market crash of October 1929 is widely regarded as the event that marked the beginning of the Great Depression (College Board AP CED).
- 08
What was the impact of the Great Depression on global trade?
The Great Depression led to a significant decline in global trade, as countries adopted protectionist policies and tariffs, exacerbating the economic crisis (College Board AP CED).
- 09
How did the League of Nations respond to aggression in the 1930s?
The League of Nations struggled to respond effectively to acts of aggression, such as Japan's invasion of Manchuria and Italy's invasion of Ethiopia, demonstrating its weaknesses (College Board AP CED).
- 10
What was the significance of the Munich Agreement of 1938?
The Munich Agreement allowed Nazi Germany to annex parts of Czechoslovakia, reflecting the policy of appeasement and the failure of European powers to confront Hitler's expansionism (College Board AP CED).
- 11
What was the primary goal of Stalin's Five-Year Plans?
The primary goal of Stalin's Five-Year Plans was to rapidly industrialize the Soviet Union and increase agricultural production through collectivization (College Board AP CED).
- 12
What role did women play during the interwar period?
Women increasingly entered the workforce and participated in social movements during the interwar period, challenging traditional gender roles (College Board AP CED).
- 13
What was the impact of the Great Depression on Japan's economy?
The Great Depression severely impacted Japan's economy, leading to increased militarism as the government sought to expand its territory and resources (College Board AP CED).
- 14
How did the Great Depression affect political ideologies in Europe?
The Great Depression contributed to the rise of extremist political ideologies, including fascism and communism, as people sought radical solutions to economic problems (College Board AP CED).
- 15
What was the significance of the 1933 inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt?
Franklin D. Roosevelt's inauguration in 1933 marked the beginning of the New Deal, a series of programs aimed at addressing the economic crisis of the Great Depression (College Board AP CED).
- 16
What was the purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935?
The Social Security Act of 1935 aimed to provide financial assistance to the elderly, unemployed, and disabled, as part of the New Deal reforms (College Board AP CED).
- 17
Which country withdrew from the League of Nations in 1933?
Germany withdrew from the League of Nations in 1933 under Adolf Hitler's regime, signaling a rejection of international cooperation (College Board AP CED).
- 18
What was the primary focus of the United States' foreign policy in the 1920s?
The primary focus of U.S. foreign policy in the 1920s was isolationism, as the country sought to avoid involvement in international conflicts (College Board AP CED).
- 19
How did the Great Depression affect colonial territories?
The Great Depression led to increased unrest in colonial territories, as economic hardship fueled nationalist movements and demands for independence (College Board AP CED).
- 20
What was the significance of the 1929 stock market crash?
The 1929 stock market crash signaled the onset of the Great Depression, leading to widespread economic turmoil and unemployment (College Board AP CED).
- 21
What was the goal of the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933?
The National Industrial Recovery Act aimed to stimulate economic recovery by regulating industry and improving labor conditions (College Board AP CED).
- 22
Which event marked the end of the Weimar Republic in Germany?
The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in the early 1930s marked the end of the Weimar Republic and the establishment of a totalitarian regime (College Board AP CED).
- 23
What was the impact of the Great Depression on the global economy?
The Great Depression led to a severe contraction of the global economy, resulting in high unemployment and widespread poverty (College Board AP CED).
- 24
What was the significance of the Lend-Lease Act during World War II?
The Lend-Lease Act allowed the U.S. to provide military aid to Allied nations, marking a shift from isolationism to active support against Axis powers (College Board AP CED).
- 25
How did the Great Depression affect the arts and culture?
The Great Depression influenced arts and culture, leading to themes of struggle and resilience in literature, music, and visual arts (College Board AP CED).
- 26
What was the primary cause of the rise of militarism in Japan during the interwar period?
The primary cause of the rise of militarism in Japan was the economic instability caused by the Great Depression, which led to increased expansionist policies (College Board AP CED).
- 27
What was the impact of the Great Depression on American society?
The Great Depression had a profound impact on American society, leading to widespread unemployment, migration, and changes in social norms (College Board AP CED).
- 28
What was the role of propaganda in totalitarian regimes during the interwar period?
Propaganda played a crucial role in totalitarian regimes by promoting state ideology, suppressing dissent, and mobilizing public support (College Board AP CED).
- 29
What was the purpose of the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?
The Works Progress Administration aimed to create jobs and provide public works projects during the Great Depression as part of the New Deal (College Board AP CED).
- 30
How did the Great Depression lead to changes in government policy?
The Great Depression led to significant changes in government policy, with increased intervention in the economy and the establishment of social welfare programs (College Board AP CED).
- 31
What was the significance of the 1936 Berlin Olympics?
The 1936 Berlin Olympics were significant as they were used by the Nazi regime to promote its ideology and showcase Germany's strength (College Board AP CED).
- 32
How did the Great Depression influence international relations?
The Great Depression influenced international relations by leading to increased nationalism and protectionism, straining diplomatic ties between nations (College Board AP CED).
- 33
What was the impact of the Great Depression on labor movements?
The Great Depression revitalized labor movements in the U.S., leading to increased organization and advocacy for workers' rights (College Board AP CED).
- 34
What was the significance of the Neutrality Acts in the 1930s?
The Neutrality Acts were significant as they aimed to prevent U.S. involvement in foreign conflicts, reflecting isolationist sentiment during the interwar period (College Board AP CED).
- 35
Which economic theory did John Maynard Keynes advocate during the Great Depression?
John Maynard Keynes advocated for government intervention in the economy to stimulate demand and promote recovery during the Great Depression (College Board AP CED).
- 36
What was the main goal of the Italian Fascist Party under Mussolini?
The main goal of the Italian Fascist Party under Mussolini was to establish a totalitarian state and restore Italy's power and prestige (College Board AP CED).
- 37
How did the Great Depression affect the political landscape in the United States?
The Great Depression reshaped the political landscape in the U.S., leading to the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt and the implementation of the New Deal (College Board AP CED).
- 38
What was the significance of the 1939 Non-Aggression Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union?
The 1939 Non-Aggression Pact allowed Germany to invade Poland without fear of Soviet intervention, leading to the outbreak of World War II (College Board AP CED).